The inside story of how NParks mapped 500,000 trees in Singapore on TreesSG

TreesSG helps citizens learn about more than half a million of Singapore’s urban trees on an interactive map. Developed by NParks with support from GovTech, the online portal allows the community to interact with the trees as well, such as by indicating when they are flowering.

Curious about how this forest of data was populated? Read on for our interview with two members of the project team.

Have you ever walked past a tree and wondered what species it is? If you’re like most people, you probably stopped for a second to admire its flowers or unique shape, and then moved on with the rest of your day, forgetting to indulge your curiosity.

Now, however, you can look up your tree right away on TreesSG, an online portal developed by Singapore’s National Parks Board (NParks) with support GovTech. With data on more than 500,000 urban trees and counting, the portal not only lets you locate individual trees on a map, but also provides information on their scientific and common names, dimensions, carbon content, pruning schedule and more.

The community can also indicate if the trees are flowering, upload their pictures of the trees and leave messages. The portal is part of NParks’ larger effort to harness science and technology to advance capabilities in greening, conservation and tree care management, as well as involving the community to realise the "City in a Garden" vision.

Curious about how the portal came to be? We sat down with two members of the project team, Mr Abhishek Tandon and his colleague Mr Joseph Sia, who are both GovTech Geospatial Specialists seconded to the National Parks Board, to find out more about how their work on geospatial technology at NParks provides the data that TreesSG uses.

Phase 1 (The roots): Data collection

The roots of TreesSG actually lie in NParks’ mobile tree inspection (mobile TI) application, an iPad app implemented three years ago to help staff enter data from tree inspections more easily. “Mobile TI was the first step towards collecting the data you now see on TreesSG,” said Mr Tandon.

During the development of mobile TI, however, the team ran into many performance issues—for one, the need to encrypt and decrypt data on the iPad meant that maps didn’t load quickly enough.

To address these problems, the team roped in geospatial specialists from GovTech, and made a concerted effort to work together with vendors and developers to find and fix bugs. “We went back to the basics, literally sitting down with the developers to compile and code with them,” explained Mr Tandon, adding that this strategy allowed the team to shorten the mobile TI rollout from an estimated eight months to 26 days.

Phase 2 (The trunk): Data consolidation

Mobile TI is not the only source of data on trees in Singapore—NParks also collects a range of other datasets, including vegetation, biodiversity and leaf area index maps. To get more meaningful insights, the team consolidated all these datasets onto a central platform called Maven, which today serves as an API platform—the trunk, if you will—for TreesSG and other applications.

“All this data was in different platforms and silos; we have now consolidated about 1,300 datasets into a single platform,” explained Mr Tandon.

Here, the challenge lay in managing hundreds of disparate datasets, said Mr Sia, who was tasked with extraction, transformation and loading (ETL)—the process of integrating data from multiple sources and owners into a common repository. “It’s a lot of project management—you need to have a very clear idea of the various processes that need to happen,” said Mr Sia, adding that mapping these processes out on paper helps him with his planning.

At this point, given that the project involved multiple data owners, the team also had to engage these stakeholders, said Mr Tandon.

Phase 3 (The leaves): Taking the data public

With a common data repository in place, the time was right to send out branches and leaves into the public domain—in the form of public-facing applications like TreesSG.

Building TreesSG was a team effort and required various NParks divisions to collaborate to ensure that the information presented was accurate and up to date. Hence, the TreesSG project team worked with Mr Tandon and Mr Sia to ensure that the datasets could be extracted and utilised in an effective manner.

The project team also had to figure out the best way to visualise data and present it to the user. For example, they had to decide on how many clusters of trees would be shown at each zoom level of the map—too many clusters would clutter up the map, while too few would defeat the purpose.

The team’s approach to decision making was to have many iterations. They also sourced for multiple opinions and worked with users and stakeholders to reach a consensus.

If Mr Tandon and Mr Sia are any indication, TreesSG is already doing its job of getting people excited about nature—contributing to the project has made the two techies look up from their computer screens and out at Singapore’s greenery. “We became nature lovers at NParks. Prior to this we were just technology lovers,” quipped Mr Tandon.